What Are My Abortion Options?

If you’ve recently found out you’re pregnant and you’re considering abortion, you probably have a lot of questions about your options. This is a big decision, and you deserve clear, accurate information before you make it.

At Pregnancy Decision Line, we believe you should never have to choose in the dark. This guide walks through the main abortion options available today—the abortion pill and surgical abortion—along with an important first step that’s easy to overlook: getting an ultrasound. Keep reading to learn more.

The Abortion Pill (Medication Abortion)

The abortion pill is actually a two-drug regimen, not a single pill. It’s currently the most common form of abortion in the United States.

How it works

• Mifepristone: The first *pills block the hormone progesterone, which is necessary to sustain the pregnancy. Without progesterone, the pregnancy cannot continue, and the embryo stops growing.

*You may receive more than one dosage depending on how far along you are.

• Misoprostol: The second pill is taken 24-48 hours after mifepristone. It causes contractions to expel the pregnancy tissue.

How late can it be taken?

The abortion pill is FDA-approved for use up to 10 weeks gestation (or 70 days or less since the first day of your last menstrual period).¹

Taking the medication beyond this timeframe increases the risk of complications, and may require further medical intervention, including emergency surgery to address excessive bleeding or incomplete abortion.²

Risks and Side Effects

After a medical abortion, vaginal bleeding or spotting lasts an average of 9-16 days, though it can last 30 days or longer in some cases.³

Other common side effects include³:

• Abdominal cramping
• Headaches
• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea and digestive discomfort
• Chills or mild fever

Severe risks to watch for:

• Hemorrhaging: Heavy bleeding can occur that requires immediate attention.⁴

• Incomplete abortion: The procedure doesn’t always work, or if it is incomplete, tissue may remain which can cause bleeding and infection requiring emergency surgery.⁵

• Infection: “Not feeling well” possibly with fever, nausea, or vomiting that persists 24 hours post-misoprostol could indicate an infection, potentially requiring antibiotics or surgery.³

• Viewing fetal remains: Depending on the age of the pregnancy, identifiable parts may be visible resulting in emotional distress.

Surgical Abortion (In-Clinic Abortion)

There are two main types of in-clinic abortion. The one used generally depends on how far along the pregnancy is.

Suction Aspiration (Vacuum Aspiration)

How it works: After the cervix is dilated, a thin tube is inserted into the uterus and connected to a suction device. The suction empties the contents of the uterus. The procedure itself typically takes about 5 to 10 minutes, though the full clinic visit—including preparation, pain management, and recovery—takes longer.

How late it can be performed: Suction aspiration is generally used from about 6 weeks up to approximately 13 weeks of pregnancy.

Dilation and Evacuation (D&E)

How it works: The cervix is dilated more extensively than for a suction aspiration, often over one or more days beforehand using medication or dilating instruments. The provider then uses a combination of suction and specialized surgical instruments to remove the pregnancy tissue from the uterus.

Because of the greater degree of cervical preparation and the more involved nature of the procedure, D&E typically requires more time and is usually performed with deeper sedation or general anesthesia.

How late it can be performed: D&E is generally available from around 13 weeks up to roughly 24 weeks of pregnancy, though this range depends heavily on the individual clinic’s protocols and the judgement of the abortion provider.

Risks and Side Effects

It’s important to note that surgical abortion becomes increasingly risky the further along you are. Potential physical risks include:

• Uterine Perforation: An instrument may accidentally puncture the uterus, possibly needing surgical repair.⁶

• Asherman Syndrome: Scar tissue inside the uterus from repeated procedures can impact future fertility.⁷

• Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): Bacteria introduced during surgery may cause infection in the reproductive tract.⁸

Emotional Side Effects of Abortion

Any type of abortion can impact your mental health. Studies have found that after an abortion, women may experience^9,10:

• Depression
• Anxiety
• Low self-esteem
• Substance abuse
• Suicidal behaviors

Why an Ultrasound Comes First

Before you can meaningfully weigh your abortion options, there are two things you need to know for certain: how far along you are, and whether the pregnancy is viable. An ultrasound is the most reliable way to answer both.

It confirms your gestational age. Every abortion option has a specific time window in which it can legally be used. An ultrasound gives you an accurate measurement, which matters enormously.

It confirms viability. A positive pregnancy test does not guarantee an ongoing pregnancy. A significant percentage of early pregnancies end in natural miscarriage, and some are ectopic (developing outside the uterus), which is a medical emergency and cannot be treated with a standard abortion procedure.

An ultrasound can show whether there’s a detectable heartbeat. If it cannot be detected, that may mean that a miscarriage is occurring or that the pregnancy is growing outside of the uterus.

This information changes what your actual options are. In the case of an ectopic pregnancy, getting this information quickly can be life-saving.

Pregnancy Decision Line can connect you with a local pregnancy center that provides free ultrasounds. Call us at 866-801-1324 to get started.

Have Questions About Your Abortion Options? Get Answers at Pregnancy Decision Line.

Learning about your abortion options is only part of the picture. Knowing exactly how far along you are and whether your pregnancy is viable is what turns that general information into something specific and useful to your situation.

If you’re facing this decision, we encourage you to get an ultrasound first, ask questions, and take the time you need before scheduling anything at an abortion clinic. You don’t have to figure this out alone, and you don’t have to rush.

Pregnancy Decision Line can connect you with a local pregnancy center that provides free pregnancy tests, ultrasounds, and pregnancy consultations.

Ready to take the next step? Give us a call to get started.

Please be aware that Pregnancy Decision Line does not provide or refer for abortion services.