Abortion options vary depending on the stage of pregnancy. In this blog, we will explore the different weeks of pregnancy and the corresponding abortion options available. Navigating the decision to have an abortion can be emotionally challenging and difficult. Please know that you are not alone, and there is help available. We are here to support you, no matter what decision you make.

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Abortion Options: Weeks of Pregnancy

Medication Abortion: Up to 10 weeks

The current FDA approved protocol uses mifepristone and misoprostol to terminate pregnancies up through the first 10 weeks from a woman’s last menstrual period. The first drug (mifepristone) disrupts the embryo’s attachment to the uterus, and the second drug (misoprostol) causes bleeding and uterine cramps which push the embryo out. It is essential to follow the prescribed dosage and seek professional medical guidance for this abortion method.¹ Call 866-406-9327 to learn all the facts before taking the abortion pill.

Aspiration or Suction Abortion: Up to 14 weeks

Most early surgical abortions are performed using this method. Local anesthesia is typically offered to reduce pain. The abortion involves opening the cervix, passing a tube inside the uterus, and attaching it to a suction device which pulls the embryo out. This procedure is typically performed up to 14 weeks of pregnancy.^2,3

Dilation and Evacuation (D&E): 14 and up

Most second trimester abortions are performed using this method, typically after 14 weeks of pregnancy. Local anesthesia, oral, or intravenous pain medications and sedation are commonly used. Besides the need to open the cervix much wider, the main difference between this procedure and a first trimester abortion is the use of forceps to grasp fetal parts and remove the baby in pieces. D&E is associated with a much higher risk of complications compared to a first trimester procedure.^4,5

Third Trimester Abortions: 27 weeks and up

The availability of third trimester abortions differs nationwide, but where permitted, are generally only performed in cases where the life or health of the pregnant woman is at risk or when severe fetal abnormalities are present. The specific procedures used vary depending on provider’s skills/preference, patient preference and related health issues, and availability of an appropriate facility.

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Stages of Pregnancy

FIRST TRIMESTER (UP TO 13 WEEKS) ⁶

Weeks 1-4 (from the last menstrual period, LMP)
Pregnancy begins with fertilization resulting in the formation of a zygote (a single-celled embryo). The gender, hair color and eye color are all established at this time. The embryo undergoes rapid cell division and moves through the fallopian tube where implantation occurs in the uterus. Implantation stimulates the production of beta hCG, the hormone detected by routine pregnancy tests.

Weeks 5-8 LMP
During this period, major organs and systems begin to develop. The heart starts beating, and limb buds appear, and primitive brain waves can be detected. All major organ systems begin to form. A touch to the mouth causes the embryo to reflexively withdraw his head. By the end of the eighth week, the baby is about the size of a pea.

Weeks 9-13 LMP
By the end of the first trimester, the embryo is officially referred to as a fetus and has over 90% of the structures found in adults. All the major organs are formed and functioning and continue to mature. For example, the kidneys make urine. Fingers are distinct and have nails and distinct fingerprints.

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Second Trimester (13-26 weeks) ⁷

Weeks 13-16 LMP
During this stage, the fetus undergoes significant growth. The baby’s nose and lips are completely formed. Taste buds are present and bowel movements begin. The baby moves, sighs, stretches, yawns and can suck her thumb. While some scientists say fetal perception of pain isn’t possible until 22 weeks, recent studies point to the fetus’ ability to experience pain at least by 15 weeks gestation, if not sooner. By 16 weeks, the gender may be visible during an ultrasound.

Weeks 17-20 LMP
The fetus becomes more active, and the mother may start feeling movements known as “quickening.” Hair begins to grow on the head, and the skin becomes covered in a fine layer called vernix.

Weeks 21-26 LMP
The fetus continues to develop her senses and can hear external sounds. The lungs begin to be able to breathe air. Twenty-four weeks is the threshold of viability, when a majority of babies born at this time are able to survive outside the womb with specialized care.⁸ Eyelids are open.

Third Trimester (27-40 weeks) ⁹

Weeks 27-28 LMP
The fetus’ eyes produce tears as he can smell odors. He continues to gain weight and develop more defined features. Brain development progresses rapidly, and the lungs continue to mature.

Weeks 29-32 LMP
The fetus’ pupils react to light and he is able to tell the difference between high and low pitched sounds. The fetus gains more body fat and the skin becomes smoother as subcutaneous fat accumulates.

Weeks 33-36 LMP
The baby develops taste preferences and grips things firmly. The fetus continues to gain weight, and the head settles into a downward position in preparation for birth.

Weeks 37-40+ LMP
At this stage, the fetus is considered full-term and is ready for birth. Labor is initiated by the baby and typically begins within this timeframe.

Considerations and Support

When making a decision about abortion at any stage of pregnancy, it is essential to consider personal, medical, and ethical factors. We can answer your questions and discuss your options. We realize this is time sensitive; call our toll-free hotline today at 866-406-9327; our coaches are standing by ready to help you.

All of our services are 100% free and confidential. We exist to provide accurate medical information and support to women and men facing an unplanned pregnancy. Our pregnancy centers do not offer or refer for pregnancy terminations or birth control. Information is provided as an educational service and should not be relied on as a substitute for professional and/or medical advice.